Practice: Data and Operators
Review Questions
True or false:
- A data type defines a set of values and the set of operations that can be applied to those values.
- Reserved or key words can be used as identifier names.
- The concept of precedence says that some operators (like multiplication and division) are to be executed before other operators (like addition and subtraction).
- An operator that needs two operands, will promote one of the operands as needed to make both operands be of the same data type.
- Parentheses change the precedence of operators.
- Integer data types are stored with a mantissa and an exponent.
- Strings are identified by single quote marks in most programming languages.
- An operand is a value that receives the operator’s action.
- Arithmetic assignment is a shorter way to write some expressions.
- Integer division is rarely used in computer programming.
Answers:
- true
- false
- true
- true
- false – Parentheses change the order of evaluation in an expression.
- false
- false
- true
- true
- false
Short Answer:
- A men’s clothing store that caters to the very rich wants to create a database for its customers that records clothing measurements. They need to record information for shoes, socks, pants, dress shirts and casual shirts. HINT: You may need more than 5 data items.
- The sequence operator can be used when declaring multiple identifier names for variables or constants of the same data type. Is this a good or bad programming habit and why?
Activities
Complete the following activities using pseudocode, a flowcharting tool, or your selected programming language. Use appropriate data types for each variable, and include separate statements for input, processing, and output. Create test data to validate the accuracy of each program. Add comments at the top of the program and include references to any resources used.
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- Create a program to prompt the user for hours worked per week and rate per hour and then calculate and display their weekly, monthly, and annual gross pay (hours * rate). Base monthly and annual calculations on 12 months per year and 52 weeks per year.[1]
- Create a program that asks the user how old they are in years, and then calculate and display their approximate age in months, days, hours, and seconds. For example, a person 1 year old is 12 months old, 365 days old, etc.
- Review MathsIsFun: US Standard Lengths. Create a program that asks the user for a distance in miles, and then calculate and display the distance in yards, feet, and inches, or ask the user for a distance in miles, and then calculate and display the distance in kilometers, meters, and centimeters.
- Review MathsIsFun: Area of Plane Shapes. Create a program that asks the user for the dimensions of different shapes and then calculate and display the area of the shapes. Do not include shape choices. That will come later. For now, just include multiple shape calculations in sequence.
- Create a program that calculates the area of a room to determine the amount of floor covering required. The room is rectangular with the dimensions measured in feet with decimal fractions. The output needs to be in square yards. There are 3 linear feet (9 square feet) to a yard.
- Create a program that helps the user determine how much paint is required to paint a room and how much it will cost. Ask the user for the length, width, and height of a room, the price of a gallon of paint, and the number of square feet that a gallon of paint will cover. Calculate the total area of the four walls as
2 * length * height + 2 * width * height
Calculate the number of gallons as:total area / square feet per gallon
Note: You must round up to the next full gallon. To round up, add0.9999
and then convert the resulting value to an integer. Calculate the total cost of the paint as:gallons * price per gallon
. - Review Wikipedia: Aging in dogs. Create a program to prompt the user for the name of their dog and its age in human years. Calculate and display the age of their dog in dog years, based on the popular myth that one human year equals seven dog years. Be sure to include the dog’s name in the output, such as:
Spike is 14 years old in dog years.
References
- archive.org: Programming Fundamentals – A Modular Structured Approach using C++
- Wikiversity: Computer Programming